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Shivalingaswamy, T. M.

Mud Wasp, Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae): A Threat or Nature's Regulation of Spider Fauna in the Vegetable Agroecosystem?

Abstract Views :311 | PDF Views:172

Authors

Jaydeep Halder ¹, A. B. Rai ¹, M. H. Kodandaram ¹, T. M. Shivalingaswamy ², Debjani Dey ³

Affiliations
1 Crop Protection Division, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi 221 305, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Bangalore 560 024, IN
3 Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 26, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 373–375

Abstract

The biology and behaviour of mud wasp, Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabricius) and its possible role in insect pest management were studied under vegetable agroecosystem. The gravid female lays a single egg (2.75±0.33 mm in length) in a mud chamber that is provisioned almost exclusively with orb-weaver spiders, wolf spiders and jumping spiders available in the vegetable agroecosystem. Total numbers of spiders provisioned in each cell was negatively correlated with their mean body weight. However, the wasps avoided provisioning of lynx spider, the most predominant spider in this ecosystem, due to its short and reduced abdomen and also the presence of large, strong and erect setae over its body. In the agroecosystem, mud wasp was found to constitute the third trophic level in the food chain comprising of the vegetable crops–insect pests–spiders–S. madraspatanum and thereby their role could be detrimental for the pest management.

Keywords

Sceliphron madraspatanum, Biology, Prey Spiders, Tritrophic Interactions.

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References

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Variability in Foraging Behaviour, Thermal Requirement and Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Sod Webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract Views :291 | PDF Views:150

Authors

M. Nagesh ¹, M. Balachander ¹, T. M. Shivalingaswamy ¹, J. Patil ¹, A. N. Shylesha ¹, A. Raghavendra ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore − 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 36-47

Abstract

Variability in virulence among entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis indica, H. bacteriophora and Steinernema abbasi, was studied for lethality, foraging behaviour in response to host volatiles, thermal requirements (degree-days), recyclability, persistence and field efficacy against Turfgrass Sod Webworm (TSW), Herpetogramma phaeopteralis. Comparatively, lethal concentration and time were lowest for H. indica against TSW. Recyclability of EPN ranged from 3.42 × 10⁵ to 4.23 × 10⁵ IJs g¹ of TSW. H. bacteriophora recorded highest movement rate on agar (0.38–0.78cm) and sand-agar (0.45–0.56cm), followed by S. abbasi, and H. indica. Responding to TSW volatiles, S. abbasi recorded maximum movement, H. bacteriophora, moderate, and H. indica, lowest. Heterorhabditis indica (with nictitation); S. abbasi and H. bacteriophora (without nictitation) were ambusher and cruiser, respectively. S. abbasi preferred warmer temperatures (30–33°C), H. bacteriophora, moderate (24–27°C), and H. indica, a wider range (24–30°C), for virulence based on thermal requirement. In field, EPNs were comparable to chlorpyriphos against TSW. We demonstrated the complementarity of thermal preferences of EPNs and insect pest was critical besides attributes like foraging behaviour, recyclability, persistence, and lethality values for their success in the field.

Keywords

Degree-Days, Foraging, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis, Heterorhabditis indica, H. bacteriophora, Sod Webworm, Steinernema abbasi, Thermal Requirement, Turfgrass, Virulence, Variability.

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Biodiversity of Pollinators in Four Bee-Friendly Plant Species

Abstract Views :248 | PDF Views:211

Authors

M. Pratheepa ¹, U. Amala ¹, T. M. Shivalingaswamy ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 4 (2019), Pagination: 360-364

Abstract

Bees are the primary pollinators of many important agricultural crops. Enhancing the suitability of farm landscapes for native pollinators by growing flowering non crop plants is necessary for in-situ conservation of bee pollinators. A study has been conducted to find the role of four different plants, viz., Hamelia patens, Ocimum basilicum, Asystesia sp. and Jacquemontia sp. in the conservation of native bee pollinators. The different species of bees visiting the flowers were Apis cerana, A. florea, Hoplonomia sp., Amegilla zonata, A. confusa and Ceratina hieroglyphica. The diversity indices were higher during morning hours than the afternoon. The number of bees visited per flower, time spent and numbers of flowers visited on Jacquemontia sp. were more compared to other plant species. Biodiversity indices were calculated by using Insect Biodiversity Analysis Portal, which is an online tool to carry out biodiversity analysis and hosted at https://www.nbair.res.in/Biodiversity. The planting of bee-friendly plant species as identified in this study will help support healthy, diverse pollinator and other beneficial insect communities.

Keywords

Bee Pollinators, Biodiversity Indices, In-Situ Conservation, Non-Crop Plants.

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References

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Biology and Potential of Pentatomid Predator, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)

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Authors

A. Sravika ¹, A. N. Shylesha ², K. S. Jagadeesh ¹, T. M. Shivalingaswamy ³, N. Nagaraju ⁴, M. S. Sheshshayee ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, UAS, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN
2 Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-NBAIR, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560024, Karnataka, IN
3 Resource Management in Plant Protection, ICAR-NBAIR, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560024, Karnataka, IN
4 Department of Plant Pathology, UAS, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN
5 Department of Crop Physiology, UAS, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 34, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 26-29

Abstract

Studies on the biology and feeding potential of Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) on Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) were carried out at NBAIR, Bengaluru. Experimental results revealed that the total developmental period from egg to adult for male and female were 27.92±2.87 and 39.62±3.28 d, respectively. The life cycle of male and female passed through first, second, third, fourth and fifth nymphal instars (male: 2.42±0.51 d, 3.25±0.45 d, 3.25±0.45 d, 4.00±0.60 d, 4.42±0.51 d) and (female: 2.54±0.52 d, 3.46±0.52 d, 4.00±0.71 d, 4.38±0.65 d, 5.08±0.49 d), respectively. Total nymphal period is about 17.83±1.34 d for male and 19.46±1.20 days for female, respectively. Adult longevity of male is lower (10.25±2.96 d) compared to that of female (20.15±3.39 d). The premating period and mating period of adult E. furcellata was 2.33±0.50 days and 6.44±2.24 hrs, respectively. The pre-oviposition period, oviposition period of adult female was 2.89±0.60 and 11.22±1.72 days, respectively. The average number of eggs laid by the female was 209.29±28.11 in a single mated system. Egg incubation period was about 5.42±0.51 days. The predation rates of second, third, fourth, fifth instar nymphs, adult female and male on 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th instar prey of E. furcellata were (16 ±0.95, 27 ±4.06, 55±4.67, 68 ±5.41, 126 ± 4.76, 97 ± 2.85), (7±1.34, 24±2.77, 40±3.39 45±0.71, 88±1.37, 51±1.60) and (4±0.82, 9±1.64, 21±2.81, 38±1.03, 69±1.32, 36±2.73), respectively.

Keywords

Biology, Developmental Period, Eocanthecona furcellata, Predatory Potential, Spodoptera frugiperda.

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Optimum density of Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera:Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) to be considered for mass production under laboratory conditions

Abstract Views :245 | PDF Views:188

Authors

A. Sravika ¹, A. N. Shylesha ², K. S. Jagadish ¹, T. M. Shivalingaswamy ³, N. Nagaraju ⁴, M. S. Sheshshayee ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, UAS, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN
2 Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-NBAIR, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560024, Karnataka, IN
3 Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-NBAIR, Hebbal, Bengaluru –560024, Karnataka, IN
4 Department of Plant Pathology, UAS, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN
5 Department of Crop Physiology, UAS, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 35, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 1-5

Abstract

Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) is a potential native predator of lepidopteran larvae that can be easily reared under laboratory conditions and released in augmentative biocontrol for management of pests in various crops. For successful mass production of any predator cannibalism under crowded rearing conditions is the major limiting factor. In the present study, attempts were made to know the ideal population considered for group rearing with minimal or no cannibalism. It was recorded that the predator population of 5 to 25 on Corcyra cephalonica (S.) and Galleria mellonella L. and 5 to 30 on Samia cynthia ricini Boisd. and Spodoptera litura F. was feasible for group rearing with higher percent survival rate when reared in different group arenas. The survival percent was higher on hosts, C. cephalonica, G. mellonella, S. litura and recorded lower on S. cynthia ricini under group rearing condition.

Keywords

Corcyra cephalonica, Eocanthecona furcellata, Galleria mellonella, Group Rearing, Optimum Density, Samia cynthia ricini, Spodoptera litura

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Shivalingaswamy, T. M.

Mud Wasp, Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae): A Threat or Nature's Regulation of Spider Fauna in the Vegetable Agroecosystem?

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Okra Shoot and Fruit Borer, Earias vittella (F.), A New Host Record for the Egg Parasitoid, Trichogramma Chilotraeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti from India

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Variability in Foraging Behaviour, Thermal Requirement and Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Sod Webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

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Biodiversity of Pollinators in Four Bee-Friendly Plant Species

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Biology and Potential of Pentatomid Predator, Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)

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Optimum density of Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera:Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) to be considered for mass production under laboratory conditions

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